Inventory of Sources of Dioxin-Like Compounds
in the United States 1987 - 1995
USEPA 2000
The Dioxin Source Emissions Database was used in the development of EPA's Inventory of Sources and Environmental Releases of Dioxin-like Compounds for Reference Years 1987 and 1995. The following table is a summary and comparison of the inventory of dioxin emissions in the United States in units of grams WHO-TEQ (dioxins and furans) in 1987 verses grams WHO-TEQ in 1995. In 1987 all known human source activity (for which reliable estimates could be made) in the U.S. contributed 13,998 grams WHO-TEQ to the environment. By 1995, these same sources contributed 3,255 grams WHO-TEQ to the environment. A comparison between these two reference years indicates a 77 % decline in total dioxin (WHO-TEQ) releases.
| 1987 Emissions (TEQdf-WHO98/yr) |
1995 Emissions (TEQdf-WHO98/yr) |
Percent Reduction | |
| Municipal Solid Waste Incineration, air | 887.7.0 | 1250.0 | 86% |
|
Backyard Refuse Barrel Burning, air |
604.0 |
628.0 |
-4% |
|
Medical Waste Incineration, air |
2590.0 |
488.0 |
81% |
|
Secondary Copper Smelting, air |
983.0 |
271.0 |
72% |
|
Cement Kilns (hazardous waste burning), air |
117.8 |
156.1 |
-33% |
|
Sewage Sludge, land applied, land |
76.6 |
76.6 |
0% |
|
Residential Wood Burning, air |
89.6 |
62.8 |
30% |
|
Coal-fired Utilities, air |
60.8 |
60.1 |
-18% |
|
Diesel Trucks, air |
27.8 |
35.6 |
-28% |
|
Secondary Aluminum Smelting, air |
16.3 |
29.1 |
-79% |
|
2,4-D, land |
33.4 |
28.9 |
13% |
|
Iron Ore Sintering, air |
32.7 |
28.0 |
14% |
|
Industrial Wood Burning, air |
20.4 |
27.0 |
-5% |
|
Bleached Pulp and Paper Mills, water |
356.0 |
19:05 |
95% |
|
Cement Kilns (non-hazardous waste burning) |
13.7 |
17.8 |
-30% |
|
Sewage Sludge Incineration, air |
6.1 |
14.8 |
-143% |
|
EDC/Vinyl chloride, air |
NA |
11.2 |
NA |
|
Oil-fired Utilities, air |
17.8 |
10.7 |
40% |
|
Crematoria, air |
5.5 |
9.1 |
-65% |
|
Unleaded Gasoline, air |
3.6 |
5.6 |
-56% |
|
Hazardous Waste Incineration, air |
5.0 |
5.8 |
-16% |
|
Lightweight ag kilns, haz waste, air |
2.4 |
3.3 |
-38% |
|
Commercially Marketed Sewage Sludge, land |
2.6 |
2.6 |
0% |
|
Kraft Black Liquor Boilers, air |
2.0 |
2.3 |
-15% |
|
Petrol Refine Catalyst Reg., air |
2.24 |
2.21 |
1% |
|
Leaded Gasoline, air |
37.5 |
2.0 |
95% |
|
Secondary Lead Smelting, air |
1.29 |
1.72 |
-3% |
|
Paper Mill Sludge, land |
14.1 |
1.4 |
90% |
|
Cigarette Smoke, air |
1.0 |
0.8 |
20% |
|
EDC/Vinyl chloride, land |
NA |
0.73 |
NA |
|
Primary Copper, air |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0% |
|
EDC/Vinyl chloride, water |
NA |
0.43 |
NA |
|
Boilers/Industrial furnaces |
0.78 |
0.39 |
50% |
|
Tire Combustion, air |
0.11 |
0.11 |
0% |
|
Reclamation, air |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0% |
source: http://www.epa.gov/ncea/dioxindb.htm 1jul01
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