Deltamethrin CAS. 52918-63-5
References and MSDS
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Scout®
X-TRA Label
A pyrethroid pesticide
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Anke Pröhl, 1 Klaus-Peter Böge, 2 and Carsten Alsen-Hinrichs.1 Activities of an Environmental Analysis Van in the German Federal State Schleswig-Holstein. Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 105, Number 8, August 1997
1 Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany 2 Umweltambulanz, Lübeck, Germany
...indoor contamination of permethrin is highly persistent and also confirms the findings of Stolz (58), who reported that the half-life of long lasting pyrethroids (permethrin, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin) is about 10 years indoors. ...and may be the cause of adverse health effects.
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Ursel Heudorf1 and Juergen Angerer.2 Metabolites of Pyrethroid Insecticides in Urine Specimens: Current Exposure in an Urban Population in Germany. Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 109, Number 3, March 2001
1Public Health Department of the City of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany 2Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Abstract
Pyrethroids are important insecticides used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and in the home. In humans, they are rapidly metabolized and renally eliminated. In numerous studies, pyrethroid metabolites have been detected in urine after occupational exposure to insecticides. In this study, we used a new, reliable, easy, and sensitive analytical method to assess the internal pyrethroid exposure of an urban population without exposure to pyrethoids at home or at work (children and adults). A total of 1,177 persons took part in this investigation, including 331 children under 6 years of age and 247 children between 6 and 12 years of age. None of them reported exposure to pyrethroids at home or at work. Accordingly, the levels of permethrin found in household dust from their homes were lower than expected (median < limit of detection; 95th percentile, 4.8 mg/kg; maximum value, 19 mg/kg). Urine specimens were analyzed for cis-3-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclo-propanecarboxylic acid (Br2CA), cis- and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-carboxylic acid (cis-Cl2CA and trans-Cl2CA), and 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (F-PBA) using a gas chromatographic method with mass-selective detection. The limit of detection for pyrethroid metabolites was between 0.1 and 0.2 µg/L. trans-Cl2CA was detected in 65% of the urine specimens tested, cis-Cl2CA was detected in 30%, and Br2CA and F-PBA were found in 19% and 16%, respectively, of the urine specimens. The urinary metabolite levels in children did not differ from those in adults, and there was no correlation between the levels of metabolites and indoor exposure to permethrin in household dust. Moreover, no seasonal correlations could be found. The 95th percentile levels in urine specimens were as follows: Br2CA, 0.30 µg/L; cis-Cl2CA, 0.51 µg/L; trans-Cl2CA, 1.43 µg/L; F-PBA, 0.27 µg/L. Background exposure to pyrethroids was found in the general population; it seems to be caused by the uptake of pyrethroids with the diet. This hypothesis needs to be tested in duplicate diet studies combined with biomonitoring. As long as representative data are lacking, however, the rounded 95th percentile values obtained in our study may be used as reference values for pyrethroid metabolites in urine samples from the population in Germany; 95th percentile values for children and adults are as follows: Br2CA, 0.3 µg/L; cis-Cl2CA, 0.5 µg/L; trans-Cl2CA, 1.5 µg/L; and F-PBA, 0.3 µg/L. Key words: biomonitoring, cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, cis- and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 4-fluoro-3-phenoxy-benzoic acid, permethrin, pyrethroids, urinary metabolites. Environ Health Perspect 109:213-217 (2001). [Online 14 February 2001] http://ehpnet1.niehs.nih.gov/docs/2001/109p213-217heudorf/abstract.html
Address correspondence to U. Heudorf, Public Health Department, Braubachstr. 18-22, D-60311 Frankfurt/Main, Germany. Telephone: 49-69-21236980. Fax: 49-69-21230475. E-mail: ursel.heudorf@stadt-frankfurt.de Received 27 July 2000; accepted 11 October 2000.
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Toxicity of Selected Insecticides to the Spined Soldier Bug, Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). J. Mohaghegh; P. De Clercq; L. Tirry. Biocontrol Science and Technology. v.10, n.1 p33-40 2000
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Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 1996 Oct;35(1):24-37 Related Articles, Books, LinkOut
Deltamethrin lethal multifactorial activity toward carp larva related to pH, calcium, and humic acid concentrations.
Ghillebaert F, Prodorutti D, Chaillou C, Roubaud P.
Groupe d'Embryo-Toxicologie des Poissons du Laboratoire de Cytophysiologie et Toxicologie Cellulaire, Universtie Denis Diderot (Paris 7), France.
Acute 24-hr embryotoxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide delta-methrin toward carp larvae was tested in multifactorial combinations of three pHs (6.9, 7.8, 9.0), two calcium concentrations ([Ca] = 2 x 10(-4) and 2 x 10(-2) M), and three humic acids concentrations ([HA] = 0, 5, and 100 mg/liter). Lethal effects were determined and compared to the distribution and hexane extractibility of radiolabeled deltamethrin in the solution and on the vessel walls, either in the presence or in the absence of the larvae. As a function of the three combined factors tested, the no observed effect concentrations (NOECs) differed to a maximum by a factor of 8, while they differed by only a factor of 2 with pH alone, and by a factor of 4 with calcium or humic acids alone. No contact toxicity was observed with adsorbed deltamethrin on the vessel walls, on which adsorption and hexane extractibility was increased in the presence of larvae. The most plausible interpretation for the toxicological influence of the physicochemical factors tested on deltamethrin toxicity deals with the deltamethrin distribution in the medium for humic acids, changes in biological targets for calcium influence, and, for pH influence, degradation speed or one of the two other explanations.
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Abd el-Aziz MI, Sahlab AM, Abd el-Khalik M. Influence of diazinon and deltamethrin on reproductive organs and fertility of male rats. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 101:230-232 (1994).
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EFFECTS OF DAILY DERMAL APPLICATION OF DEET AND PERMETHRIN, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION, ON SENSORIMOTOR PERFORMANCE, BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, AND BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER IN RATS Author(s): M. B. Abou-Donia; L. B. Goldstein; A. Dechovskaia; S. Bullman; K. H. Jones; E. A. Herrick; A. A. Abdel-Rahman; W. A. Khan Source: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A (Taylor and Francis Ltd)
Year: 2001 Volume: 62 Number: 7 Pages: 523-541
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Massimo Moretti; Milena Villarini; Giuseppina Scassellati Sforzolini; Rossana Pasquini. Pesticide-induced primary DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes of farm workers evaluated by the computerized 'comet' assay. Biomarkers v.5, n.3, 192-204, 2000
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Pham Huu Chanh, Navarro-Delmasure C, Pham Huu Chanh, Cheav SL, Ziade F, Samaha F. Pharmacological effects of deltamethrin on the central nervous system. Arzneimittelforschung 1984;34(2):175-181
Pharmacological exploration of the central nervous system carried out by means of a series of tests confirms the affinity of 3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ester (delta-methrin) for the nervous system and reveals the following activities of deltamethrin: Deltamethrin has no neuroleptic or sedative action. It inhibits motility, sense of balance and inquisitiveness of treated animals. It potentiates chloral-induced hypnotic action but not that of pentobarbital. Not only does it have no antagonistic action on convulsivant agents: electric shock, pentetrazol, strychnine, but it stimulates their toxicity and prolongs the convulsive seizures. The fact that deltamethrin acts on different convulsivant agents (i.e. pentetrazol and strychnine) with various sites of action suggests that its activity is located in both the cortical and the medullary centres. Deltamethrin reveals the latent toxicity of tryptamine used in the non-toxic dose range; this predicts that deltamethrin might have an IMAO (inhibitor of monoamine oxidase) activity. Experiments carried out under the conditions adopted showed that deltamethrin acts on various sites.
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Flodstrom S, Warngard L, Ljungquist S, Ahlborg UG. Inhibition of metabolic cooperation in vitro and enhancement of enzyme altered foci incidence in rat liver by the pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate. Arch Toxicol 1988 Jan;61(3):218-223
Department of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
The synthetic pyrethroids cypermethrin, delta-methrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, and the fenvalerate metabolite p-chlorophenylisovaleric acid were investigated for inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication in vitro in the Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79) metabolic cooperation assay. Fenvalerate was furthermore studied for enhancement of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-positive enzyme altered foci incidence in partially hepatectomized, nitrosodiethylamine-initiated male Sprague Dawley rats. The in vitro studies showed that fenvalerate and p-chlorophenylisovaleric acid were inhibitors of intercellular communication at non-cytotoxic concentrations while cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin were inactive. In the in vivo study in rat liver, fenvalerate administered p.o. (75 mg/kg/day) 5 days a week for 10 weeks induced significantly more foci per cm3 and a larger percentage of liver tissue occupied by foci tissue compared to a vehicle control group. Analysis of size distributions of foci in fenvalerate- and vehicle-treated rats showed elevated foci incidences in fenvalerate-treated rats at all foci sizes. Fenvalerate induced no hepatotoxic effects as judged by plasma transaminase activities and histopathology. The results of this study suggest fenvalerate to be a potential tumour promoter.
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Hemming H, Flodstrom S, Warngard L. Enhancement of altered hepatic foci in rat liver and inhibition of intercellular communication in vitro by the pyrethroid insecticides fenvalerate, flucythrinate and cypermethrin. Carcinogenesis 1993 Dec;14(12):2531-2535
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats dosed with N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) 24 h after two-thirds partial hepatectomy were treated with the pyrethroid insecticides fenvalerate, flucythrinate or cypermethrin in the diet for 20 weeks. Altered hepatic foci were analyzed by quantitative stereology from paraffin-embedded sections stained for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) or glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P). The present results demonstrate that the pyrethroids tested all enhance the development of NDEA-initiated, GGT-positive foci in rat liver at non-hepatotoxic doses. On the contrary, the volume fractions of GST-P-positive foci were not elevated as compared to the control group. The three pyrethroids tested all inhibited the transfer of Lucifer Yellow CH between WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells in culture, supporting the increase of GGT-positive foci and suggesting that these substances can act as tumour promoters. The discrepancy between the results from analyses using GGT or GST-P as markers emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanism underlying the expression of different markers for preneoplastic lesions and the importance of such effects in tumour promotion.
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Tateno C, Ito S, Tanaka M, Yoshitake A. Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on gap junctional intercellular communications in Balb/c3T3 cells by dye-transfer assay. Cell Biol Toxicol 1993 Jul;9(3):215-221
Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
The effects of fenvalerate, esfenvalerate, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, p-chlorophenylisovaleric acid (CPIA, major metabolite of fenvalerate) and DDT, a liver tumor promoter, on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) were examined in Balb/c3T3 cells by dye-transfer assay. Separate groups of Balb/c3T3 cells were exposed to the chemicals for 1 day. On the following day, GJIC was measured by counting the number of dye-transferring cells per injection of Lucifer Yellow under a fluorescent microscope. Fenvalerate, esfenvalerate, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and DDT inhibited GJIC at noncytotoxic concentrations, while CPIA did not inhibit GJIC even at a cytotoxic concentration. It is concluded that the examined pyrethyroid insecticides, but not a metabolite, have inhibitory effects on GJIC in Balb/c3T3 cells. ********************************
Bradbury, Steven P., and Joel R. Coats. 1989. Comparative toxicology of pyrethroid insecticides. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 108:133-177
Toxicity of a Synthetic Pyrethroid
Pyrethroid toxicity is highly dependent on stereochemistry, the three dimensional configuration of the molecule. Each isomer (molecules consisting of the same atoms, but with different stereochemistry) has its own toxicity. Some pyrethroids have as many as eight different isomers and there are several different types. For example, many pyrethroids have pairs of isomers with different geometries, referred to as the cis and the trans isomers. Figure 1 illustrates the cis and trans isomers of permethrin. The cis isomer is generally more toxic than the trans isomer.
Acute toxicity of a mixture of two isomers depends on the ratio of the amounts of the two isomers in the formulation. For example, the female rat acute oral LD50* of permethrin increases from 224 milligrams of the pyrethroid per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) to 6000 mg/kg as the proportion of the trans isomer increases from 20 percent to 80 percent.
Most commercial formulations have a fixed isomeric ratio. Formulations made of a single isomer (deltamethrin, for example) are likely to be much more toxic than those with four to eight isomers.
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Toxicology and Environmental Fate of Synthetic Pyrethroids. Doria Mueller-Beilschmidt. Journal of Pesticide Reform, Volume 10, Number 3, Fall 1990.
Deltamethrin, which is a primary metabolite of tralomethrin (Scout), has a higher acute toxicity than its parent compound. ****************************
Carcinogenicity studies of deltamethrin have shown increases in various kinds of cancers.
References:
Litchfield, M.H. 1985. Toxicity to mammals. In J.P. Leahey (ed.) The pyrethroid insecticides. London, U.K.: Taylor & Francis.
National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides. 1987. Chemical watch: Resmethrin. Pesticides and You 7(5):5 (December).
Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1979. Tolerances and exemptions from tolerances for pesticide chemicals in or on raw agricultural commodities; permethrin. Federal Register 44(81): 24287-24288.
Ruzo, Luis O., and John E. Casida. 1977. Metabolism and toxicology of pyrethroids with dihalovinyl substituents. Environ. Health Perspec. 21:285-292.
Cabral, J.R.P., et. al. 1990. Carcinogenicity studies with deltamethrin in mice and rats. Cancer Letters 49:147-152.
Cabral, J.R.P., and D. Galendo. 1990. Carcinogenicity study of the pesticide fenvalerate in mice. Cancer Letters 49:13-18. **************************
A dose-effect relationship for the effect of deltamethrin on a linyphiid spider population in winter wheat Akkerhuis, G, van der Voet, H, Arc. Env. Con. Tox. 1992, 22:144-121
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Found on: grapes and wine in Italy & oranges from Valencia, Spain
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AGREVO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH -- DELTADUST INSECTICIDE - INSECTICIDE,DELTAMETHRIN
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
NSN: 6840014313345
Manufacturer's CAGE: AGREV
Part No. Indicator: A
Part Number/Trade Name: DELTADUST INSECTICIDE
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General Information
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Item Name: INSECTICIDE,DELTAMETHRIN
Company's Name: AGREVO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
Company's Street: 95 CHESTNUT RIDGE ROAD
Company's City: MONTVALE
Company's State: NJ
Company's Country: US
Company's Zip Code: 07645
Company's Emerg Ph #: 800-471-0660
Company's Info Ph #: 800-438-5837
Distributor/Vendor # 1: EHRLICH J C CHEMICAL CO INC
Distributor/Vendor # 1 Cage: 8C885
Record No. For Safety Entry: 001
Tot Safety Entries This Stk#: 001
Status: SE
Date MSDS Prepared: 07AUG95
Safety Data Review Date: 12DEC96
Supply Item Manager: CX
Preparer's Company: REGULATORY DEPT
Preparer's St Or P. O. Box: (MSDS ID:E72492)
MSDS Serial Number: CCKVZ
Specification Number: UNKNOWN
Hazard Characteristic Code: T5
Unit Of Issue: LB
Unit Of Issue Container Qty: 1 LB
Type Of Container: CONTAINER
Net Unit Weight: 1 LB
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Ingredients/Identity Information
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Proprietary: NO
Ingredient: DELTAMETHRIN
Ingredient Sequence Number: 01
Percent: 0.05
NIOSH (RTECS) Number: GZ1233000
CAS Number: 52918-63-5
OSHA PEL: NOT ESTABLISHED
ACGIH TLV: NOT ESTABLISHED
Other Recommended Limit: NONE RECOMMENDED
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Proprietary: NO
Ingredient: INERT INGREDIENTS
Ingredient Sequence Number: 02
Percent: 99.95
NIOSH (RTECS) Number: 1000082II
OSHA PEL: NOT ESTABLISHED
ACGIH TLV: NOT ESTABLISHED
Other Recommended Limit: NONE RECOMMENDED
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Physical/Chemical Characteristics
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Appearance And Odor: WHITE POWDER, VERY FAINT INDETERMINATE TO CHALK-LIKE ODOR, SOLID.
Boiling Point: NP
Melting Point: NP
Vapor Pressure (MM Hg/70 F): NP
Vapor Density (Air=1): NP
Specific Gravity: NP
Decomposition Temperature: NP
Evaporation Rate And Ref: NP
Solubility In Water: NP
Percent Volatiles By Volume: NP
Viscosity: NP
pH: NP
Corrosion Rate (IPY): NP
Autoignition Temperature: NP
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Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
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Flash Point: NOT APPLICABLE
Lower Explosive Limit: NP
Upper Explosive Limit: NP
Extinguishing Media: CARBON DIOXIDE, DRY CHEMICAL, FOAM, WATER.
Special Fire Fighting Proc: AS IN ANY FIRE WEAR SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS PRESSURE-DEMAND, MSHA/NIOSH APPROVED OR EQUIVALENT & FULL PROTECTIVE GEAR.
Unusual Fire And Expl Hazrds: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
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Reactivity Data
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Stability: YES
Cond To Avoid (Stability): NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Materials To Avoid: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Hazardous Decomp Products: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Hazardous Poly Occur: NO
Conditions To Avoid (Poly): NOT APPLICABLE
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Health Hazard Data
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LD50-LC50 Mixture: ACUTE ORAL LD50>5050 MG/KG.
Route Of Entry - Inhalation: NO
Route Of Entry - Skin: YES
Route Of Entry - Ingestion: NO
Health Haz Acute And Chronic: EYE:NON-IRRIT. SKIN: MAY BE HARMFUL IF ABSORBED. MAY CAUSE TRANSIENT, LOCALIZED PARESTHESIA, CHARACTERIZED BY TINGLING, BURNING, NUMBNESS SENS IN SOME INDIVIDUALS.
CHRONIC INFO:NO KNOWN CHRONIC EFFECTS.
Carcinogenicity - NTP: NO
Carcinogenicity - IARC: NO
Carcinogenicity - OSHA: NO
Explanation Carcinogenicity: PER MSDS:CARCINOGENCITY:NTP/IARC/OSHA:NO.
Signs/Symptoms Of Overexp: HARMFUL IF ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN.MAY CAUSE TRANSIENT, LOCALIZED PARESTHESIA, CHRACTERIZED BY TINGLING, BURNING, NUMBNESS SENSATION IN SOME INDIVIDUALS.
Med Cond Aggravated By Exp: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Emergency/First Aid Proc: SKIN:WASH W/PLENTY OF SOAP/WATER. GET MED ATTN IF IRRIT PERSISTS. COLD CREAM OR A MOISTURIZING CREAM HAS BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN DIMINISHING THE SENSATIONS ASSOCIATED W/LOCALIZED PARESTHESIA.
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Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
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Steps If Matl Released/Spill: SWEEP UP OR SHOVEL INTO APPROVED WASTE DISPOSAL CONTAINER.DISPO OF W/CHEMICAL WASTE.
Neutralizing Agent: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Waste Disposal Method: PROD EXTREMELY TOXIC TO FISH/AQUATIC COMPLETELY EMPTY INTO APPLICATION EQPMT.DISPO IN SANITARY LANDFILL/BY INCINERATION/IF ALLOWED BY STATE/LOC REGS BURNING. IF BURNED STAY (SUPPLEME)
Precautions-Handling/Storing: AVOID CONTACT W/SKIN/EYES/CLOTHING.STORE PRODUCT IN ORIGINAL CONTAINER IN COOL DRY LOCKED PLACE OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.
Other Precautions: EPA REG #:432-772.DON'T APPLY DIRECTLY TO WATER/AREAS WHERE SURFACE WATER PRESENT/INTERTIDAL AREAS BELOW MEAN HIGH WATER MARK.USE W/CARE WHEN APPLYING IN AREAS ADJACENT TO ANY BODY OF WATER.DON'T CONTAMIN WATER WHEN DISPO OF EQPMT WASHWATER
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Control Measures
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Respiratory Protection: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Ventilation: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Protective Gloves: CHEMICAL-RESISTANT GLOVES.
Eye Protection: SAFETY GLASSES OR GOGGLES.
Other Protective Equipment: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER.
Work Hygienic Practices: WASH THOROUGHLY W/SOAP/WATER AFT HNDLG.
Suppl. Safety & Health Data: DISPO:OUT OF SMOKE.CNTR 1GAL/SMALLER:DO NOT REUSE EMPTY CNTNRS.WRAP IN SEVERAL LAYERS OF NEWSPAPAER & DISCARD IN TRASH.
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Transportation Data
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Trans Data Review Date: 96347
DOT PSN Code: ZZZ
DOT Proper Shipping Name: NOT REGULATED BY THIS MODE OF TRANSPORTATION
IMO PSN Code: ZZZ
IMO Proper Shipping Name: NOT REGULATED FOR THIS MODE OF TRANSPORTATION
IATA PSN Code: ZZZ
IATA Proper Shipping Name: NOT REGULATED BY THIS MODE OF TRANSPORTATION
AFI PSN Code: ZZZ
AFI Prop. Shipping Name: NOT REGULATED BY THIS MODE OF TRANSPORTATION
Additional Trans Data: PER MSDS:PROPER SHIPPING NAME:NOT DOT REGULATED.
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Disposal Data
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Label Data
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Label Required: NO
Technical Review Date: 12DEC96
Label Status: X Year Procured: 1997
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